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Tic Disorders
Chief Complaint: Unusual Movements
- Tic:
- Sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movement or vocalization
Clinical Considerations
- Developmentally appropriate self-stimulatory behaviors in young children
- Mannerisms
- Attention deficit disorders
- Factitious disorder with predominantly physical signs and symptoms
- Mental retardation
- Obsessive compulsive disorder
- Self-mutilation associated with certain psychotic disorders and personality disorders
- Stuttering
- Trichotillomania
- Tic disorders
- Chronic motor or vocal tic disorder
- Tourette's disorder
- Tourette's disorder with associated chromosomal disorder, e.g.,
- XYY karotype
- Triple X mosacism
- Fragile X syndrome
- Chromosome 9p mosacism
- Trisomy 21
- Transient tic disorder
- Tic disorder not otherwise specified
- Post-rheumatic tics
- Abnormal movements/tics that may accompany general medical conditions, e.g.,
- Wilson's disease
- Sydenham's chorea
- Collagen vascular diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE)
- Thyroid disease, such as Grave's disease
- Acanthocytosis
- Involuntary movements/tics associated with neurological conditions, e.g.,
- Huntington's disease
- Cerebral vascular asccident ("stroke")
- Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
- Multiple sclerosis
- Postviral encephalitis
- Tuberous sclerosis
- Head injury
- Seizure disorders
- Ataxia telangiectasia
- Medication-induced movement disorder not otherwise specified (direct effects of
a substance, e.g.,
- Neuroleptic medication (tardive Tourette's syndrome)
- Methylphenidate
- Dexedrine
- Buproprion
- Self-stimulatory behaviors in individuals with sensory deficits
- Akathitic movements
- Dyskinesia
- Choreiform movements
- Dystonic movements
- Athetoid movements
- Paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis
- Paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dystonia
- Myoclonic movements
- Arrhythmic myoclonus
- Opsoclonus
- Ocular myoclonus
- Palatal myoclonus
- Rhythmic segmental myoclonus
- Hemiballismic movements
- Hyperekplexia
- Spasms
- Hemifacial spasm
- Synkinesis
- Sleep related movements
- Periodic movements in sleep
- Painful legs, moving toes
- Restless legs syndrome
- Rhythmic segmental myoclonus
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