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Tic Disorders

Tic Disorder Index Tics: Definitions and descriptions
Chief complaint: Unusual movements Other movement patterns and disorders
Medications for tics Articles on tic disorders
Books on tic disorders

Tics: Definitions and Descriptions

Tic:
Sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movement or vocalization

Simple motor tics:
Motor tics that are rapid, darting, "meaningless"
Examples:
  • Coughing
  • Eye blinking
  • Facial grimacing
  • Neck jerking
  • Shoulder shrugging
Complex motor tics:
Motor tics that are slower and appear more "purposeful"
Examples:
  • Facial gestures
  • Grooming behaviors
  • Jumping
  • Smelling an object
  • Stamping
  • Tapping
  • Touching behaviors
Echokinesis:
Imitation of someone else's movements
Copropraxia:
Use of socially unacceptable movement or gestures, frequently obscene

Simple vocal tics:
Vocal tics that are rapid and "meaningless" sounds
Examples:
  • Animal sounds, such as barking
  • Grunting
  • Sniffing
  • Snorting
  • Throat clearing
Complex vocal tics:
Vocal tics that are parts of language: words, phrases, statements e.g, repeating words or phrases out of context
Coprolalia:
Use of socially unacceptable words, frequently obscene
Echolalia:
Repeating the last-heard sound, word, or phrase
Palilalia:
Repeating one's own sounds or words

Paroxysm of tics:
Repetition of multiple simultaneous or sequential tics that are difficult to distinguish from discrete tics

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